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capitalization of historical periods, events, and documents; titles of books; stories and essays; and languages, races, and nationalities;

punctuation marks, including apostrophes in possessives, commas in compound sentences, and quotation marks in dialogue; and

complete simple and compound sentences with subject-verb agreement and avoidance of splices, run-ons, and fragments;

correct spelling of words with grade-appropriate orthographic patterns and rules and high-frequency words; and

verb tense such as simple past, present, and future and imperfect past, past participle, and conditional;

publish written work for appropriate audiences.

singular, plural, common, and proper nouns, including gender-specific articles;

adjectives, including their comparative and superlative forms;

compose literary texts such as personal narratives and poetry using genre characteristics and craft;

adverbs that convey frequency and adverbs that convey degree;

compose informational texts, including brief compositions that convey information about a topic, using a clear central idea and genre characteristics and craft;

prepositions and prepositional phrases;

compose argumentative texts, including opinion essays, using genre characteristics and craft; and

pronouns, including personal, possessive, objective, reflexive, and prepositional;

compose correspondence that requests information.

coordinating conjunctions to form compound subjects, predicates, and sentences;

capitalization of historical events and documents, titles of books, stories, and essays;

generate and clarify questions on a topic for formal and informal inquiry;

punctuation marks, including commas in compound and complex sentences and em dash for dialogue; and

develop and follow a research plan with adult assistance;

correct spelling of words with grade-appropriate orthographic patterns and rules; and

identify and gather relevant information from a variety of sources;

publish written work for appropriate audiences.

identify primary and secondary sources;

demonstrate understanding of information gathered;

compose literary texts such as personal narratives and poetry using genre characteristics and craft;

recognize the difference between paraphrasing and plagiarism when using source materials;

compose informational texts, including brief compositions that convey information about a topic, using a clear central idea and genre characteristics and craft;

develop a bibliography; and

compose argumentative texts, including opinion essays using genre characteristics and craft; and

use an appropriate mode of delivery, whether written, oral, or multimodal, to present results.

compose correspondence that requests information.

generate and clarify questions on a topic for formal and informal inquiry;

develop and follow a research plan with adult assistance;

identify and gather relevant information from a variety of sources;

identify primary and secondary sources;

demonstrate understanding of information gathered;

recognize the difference between paraphrasing and plagiarism when using source materials;

develop a bibliography; and

use an appropriate mode of delivery, whether written, oral, or multimodal, to present results.

listen actively to interpret verbal and non-verbal messages, ask relevant questions, and make pertinent comments;

follow, restate, and give oral instructions that include multiple action steps;

give an organized presentation employing eye contact, speaking rate, volume, enunciation, natural gestures, and conventions of language to communicate ideas effectively; and

work collaboratively with others to develop a plan of shared responsibilities.

decoding words with consonant changes, including/t/ to/sh/ such as in select and selection and/k/ to/sh/ such as music and musician;

decoding multisyllabic words with closed syllables; open syllables; VCe syllable; vowel teams, including digraphs and diphthongs; r-controlled syllables; and final stable syllables;

decoding words using advanced knowledge of syllable division patterns;

decoding words using advanced knowledge of the influence of prefixes and suffixes on base words; and

identifying and reading high-frequency words from a research-based list;

listen actively to interpret verbal and non-verbal messages, ask relevant questions, and make pertinent comments;

spelling multisyllabic words with closed syllables; open syllables; VCe syllables; vowel teams, including digraphs and diphthongs; r-controlled syllables; and final stable syllables;

follow, restate, and give oral instructions that include multiple action steps;

spelling words with consonant changes, including/t/ to/sh/ such as in select and selection and/k/ to/sh/ such as music and musician;

give an organized presentation employing eye contact, speaking rate, volume, enunciation, natural gestures, and conventions of language to communicate ideas effectively; and

spelling multisyllabic words with multiple sound-spelling patterns;

work collaboratively with others to develop a plan of shared responsibilities.

spelling words using advanced knowledge of syllable division patterns;