explain structure in drama such as character tags, acts, scenes, and stage directions;
discuss specific ideas in the text that are important to the meaning.
recognize characteristics and structures of informational text, including:
the central idea with supporting evidence;
infer basic themes supported by text evidence;
features such as pronunciation guides and diagrams to support understanding; and
explain the interactions of the characters and the changes they undergo;
organizational patterns such as compare and contrast;
analyze plot elements, including the rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution; and
recognize characteristics and structures of argumentative text by:
explain the influence of the setting, including historical and cultural settings, on the plot.
identifying the claim;
explaining how the author has used facts for an argument; and
demonstrate knowledge of distinguishing characteristics of well-known children's literature such as folktales, fables, legends, myths, and tall tales;
identifying the intended audience or reader; and
explain figurative language such as simile, metaphor, and personification that the poet uses to create images;
recognize characteristics of multimodal and digital texts.
explain the author's purpose and message within a text;
explain how the use of text structure contributes to the author's purpose;
analyze the author's use of print and graphic features to achieve specific purposes;
describe how the author's use of imagery, literal and figurative language such as simile and metaphor, and sound devices such as alliteration and assonance achieves specific purposes;
identify and understand the use of literary devices, including first- or third-person point of view;
discuss how the author's use of language contributes to voice; and
identify and explain the use of anecdote.
plan a first draft by selecting a genre for a particular topic, purpose, and audience using a range of strategies such as brainstorming, freewriting, and mapping;
develop drafts into a focused, structured, and coherent piece of writing by:
organizing with purposeful structure, including an introduction, transitions, and a conclusion; and
developing an engaging idea with relevant details;
revise drafts to improve sentence structure and word choice by adding, deleting, combining, and rearranging ideas for coherence and clarity;
edit drafts using standard English conventions, including:
complete simple and compound sentences with subject-verb agreement and avoidance of splices, run-ons, and fragments;
past tense of irregular verbs;
singular, plural, common, and proper nouns;
adjectives, including their comparative and superlative forms;
adverbs that convey frequency and adverbs that convey degree;
prepositions and prepositional phrases;
pronouns, including reflexive;
coordinating conjunctions to form compound subjects, predicates, and sentences;