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infer the theme of a work, distinguishing theme from topic;

organizational patterns such as cause and effect and problem and solution;

explain the relationships among the major and minor characters;

analyze plot elements, including the sequence of events, the conflict, and the resolution; and

identifying the claim;

explain the influence of the setting on the plot.

distinguishing facts from opinion; and

identifying the intended audience or reader; and

demonstrate knowledge of distinguishing characteristics of well-known children's literature such as folktales, fables, fairy tales, legends, and myths;

recognize characteristics of multimodal and digital texts.

explain rhyme scheme, sound devices, and structural elements such as stanzas in a variety of poems;

discuss elements of drama such as characters, dialogue, setting, and acts;

explain the author's purpose and message within a text;

explain how the use of text structure contributes to the author's purpose;

the central idea with supporting evidence;

explain the author's use of print and graphic features to achieve specific purposes;

features such as sections, tables, graphs, timelines, bullets, numbers, and bold and italicized font to support understanding; and

describe how the author's use of imagery, literal and figurative language such as simile, and sound devices such as onomatopoeia achieves specific purposes;

organizational patterns such as cause and effect and problem and solution;

identify the use of literary devices, including first- or third-person point of view;

discuss how the author's use of language contributes to voice; and

identifying the claim;

identify and explain the use of hyperbole.

distinguishing facts from opinion; and

identifying the intended audience or reader; and

plan a first draft by selecting a genre for a particular topic, purpose, and audience using a range of strategies such as brainstorming, freewriting, and mapping;

recognize characteristics of multimodal and digital texts.

organizing with purposeful structure, including an introduction and a conclusion; and

explain the author's purpose and message within a text;

developing an engaging idea with relevant details;

explain how the use of text structure contributes to the author's purpose;

revise drafts to improve sentence structure and word choice by adding, deleting, combining, and rearranging ideas for coherence and clarity;

explain the author's use of print and graphic features to achieve specific purposes;

describe how the author's use of imagery, literal and figurative language such as simile, and sound devices such as onomatopoeia achieves specific purposes;

complete simple and compound sentences with subject-verb agreement;

identify the use of literary devices, including first- or third-person point of view;

past, present, and future verb tense;

discuss how the author's use of language contributes to voice; and

singular, plural, common, and proper nouns;

identify and explain the use of hyperbole.

adjectives, including their comparative and superlative forms;

adverbs that convey time and adverbs that convey manner;

plan a first draft by selecting a genre for a particular topic, purpose, and audience using a range of strategies such as brainstorming, freewriting, and mapping;

prepositions and prepositional phrases;

pronouns, including subjective, objective, and possessive cases;

organizing with purposeful structure, including an introduction and a conclusion; and

coordinating conjunctions to form compound subjects, predicates, and sentences;

developing an engaging idea with relevant details;

capitalization of official titles of people, holidays, and geographical names and places;

revise drafts to improve sentence structure and word choice by adding, deleting, combining, and rearranging ideas for coherence and clarity;

punctuation marks, including apostrophes in contractions and possessives and commas in compound sentences and items in a series; and

correct spelling of words with grade-appropriate orthographic patterns and rules and high-frequency words; and

complete simple and compound sentences with subject-verb agreement;