listen actively, ask relevant questions to clarify information, and answer questions using multi-word responses;

follow, restate, and give oral instructions that involve a short, related sequence of actions;

decoding multisyllabic words;

decoding words with multiple sound spelling patterns such as c, k, and q and s, z, soft c, and x;

decoding words with silent h and words that use the syllables que-, qui-, gue-, gui-, güe-, and güi-;

decoding words with diphthongs and hiatus;

decoding common abbreviations; and

decoding words with prefixes and suffixes;

spelling multisyllabic words;

spelling words with diphthongs and hiatus;

spelling common abbreviations;

spelling words with prefixes and suffixes; and

spelling words with silent h and words that use the syllables que-, qui-, gue-, gui-, güe-, and güi-;

use print or digital resources to determine meaning and pronunciation of unknown words;

use affixes, including re-, pre-, -ción, and ísimo/ísima, to determine the meaning of words and subsequently use the newly acquired words;

differentiate between and use homographs, homophones, and commonly confused terms such as porque/porqué/por qué/por que, sino/si no, and también/tan bien.

Developing and sustaining foundational language skills: listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking--fluency. The student reads grade-level text with fluency and comprehension. The student is expected to use appropriate fluency (rate, accuracy, and prosody) when reading grade-level text.

Developing and sustaining foundational language skills: listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking--self-sustained reading. The student reads grade appropriate texts independently. The student is expected to self-select text and read independently for a sustained period of time.

monitor comprehension and make adjustments such as re-reading, using background knowledge, checking for visual cues, and asking questions when understanding breaks down.

respond using newly acquired vocabulary as appropriate.

complete sentences with subject-verb agreement;

past, present, and future verb tense, including the difference between ser and estar;

singular, plural, common, and proper nouns, including gender-specific articles;

adjectives, including articles;

adverbs that convey time and adverbs that convey place;

prepositions and prepositional phrases;

pronouns, including personal, possessive, and objective, and the difference in the use of formal pronoun usted and informal pronoun tú;

coordinating conjunctions to form compound subjects and predicates;

capitalization of proper nouns and the salutation and closing of a letter;

punctuation marks at the end of declarative sentences and the beginning and end of exclamatory and interrogative sentences; and

correct spelling of words with grade-appropriate orthographic patterns and rules; and