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analyze plot elements, including the rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution; and

explain the influence of the setting, including historical and cultural settings, on the plot.

demonstrate knowledge of distinguishing characteristics of well-known children's literature such as folktales, fables, legends, myths, and tall tales;

explain figurative language such as simile, metaphor, and personification that the poet uses to create images;

explain structure in drama such as character tags, acts, scenes, and stage directions;

the central idea with supporting evidence;

features such as pronunciation guides and diagrams to support understanding; and

organizational patterns such as compare and contrast;

identifying the claim;

explaining how the author has used facts for an argument; and

identifying the intended audience or reader; and

recognize characteristics of multimodal and digital texts.

explain the author's purpose and message within a text;

explain how the use of text structure contributes to the author's purpose;

analyze the author's use of print and graphic features to achieve specific purposes;

describe how the author's use of imagery, literal and figurative language such as simile and metaphor, and sound devices such as alliteration and assonance achieves specific purposes;

identify and understand the use of literary devices, including first- or third-person point of view;

discuss how the author's use of language contributes to voice; and

identify and explain the use of anecdote.

plan a first draft by selecting a genre for a particular topic, purpose, and audience using a range of strategies such as brainstorming, freewriting, and mapping;

organizing with purposeful structure, including an introduction, transitions, and a conclusion; and

developing an engaging idea with relevant details;

revise drafts to improve sentence structure and word choice by adding, deleting, combining, and rearranging ideas for coherence and clarity;

complete simple and compound sentences with subject-verb agreement and avoidance of splices, run-ons, and fragments;

past tense of irregular verbs;

singular, plural, common, and proper nouns;

adjectives, including their comparative and superlative forms;

adverbs that convey frequency and adverbs that convey degree;

prepositions and prepositional phrases;

pronouns, including reflexive;

coordinating conjunctions to form compound subjects, predicates, and sentences;

capitalization of historical periods, events, and documents; titles of books; stories and essays; and languages, races, and nationalities;

punctuation marks, including apostrophes in possessives, commas in compound sentences, and quotation marks in dialogue; and

correct spelling of words with grade-appropriate orthographic patterns and rules and high-frequency words; and

publish written work for appropriate audiences.

compose literary texts such as personal narratives and poetry using genre characteristics and craft;

compose informational texts, including brief compositions that convey information about a topic, using a clear central idea and genre characteristics and craft;

compose argumentative texts, including opinion essays, using genre characteristics and craft; and

compose correspondence that requests information.

generate and clarify questions on a topic for formal and informal inquiry;

develop and follow a research plan with adult assistance;

identify and gather relevant information from a variety of sources;

identify primary and secondary sources;

demonstrate understanding of information gathered;

recognize the difference between paraphrasing and plagiarism when using source materials;

develop a bibliography; and

use an appropriate mode of delivery, whether written, oral, or multimodal, to present results.

listen actively to interpret verbal and non-verbal messages, ask relevant questions, and make pertinent comments;

follow, restate, and give oral instructions that include multiple action steps;

give an organized presentation employing eye contact, speaking rate, volume, enunciation, natural gestures, and conventions of language to communicate ideas effectively; and

work collaboratively with others to develop a plan of shared responsibilities.

decoding words with consonant changes, including/t/ to/sh/ such as in select and selection and/k/ to/sh/ such as music and musician;

decoding multisyllabic words with closed syllables; open syllables; VCe syllable; vowel teams, including digraphs and diphthongs; r-controlled syllables; and final stable syllables;

decoding words using advanced knowledge of syllable division patterns;

decoding words using advanced knowledge of the influence of prefixes and suffixes on base words; and