A student expectation is directly related to the knowledge and skills statement, is more specific about how students demonstrate their learning, and always begins with a verb. Student expectations are further broken down into their component parts, often referred to as “breakouts.”
Vertical alignment shows student expectations in the same subject area at different grade levels that are related to or build upon one another.
explain and predict changes in materials caused by heating and cooling; and
investigate and describe applications of heat in everyday life such as cooking food or using a clothes dryer; and
conduct a descriptive investigation to explain how physical properties can be changed through processes such as cutting, folding, sanding, melting, or freezing; and
predict, observe, and record changes in the state of matter caused by heating or cooling in a variety of substances such as ice becoming liquid water, condensation forming on the outside of a glass, or liquid water being heated to the point of becoming water vapor (gas); and
Patterns are regular sequences that can be found throughout nature.
The classification of a change as chemical or physical relies on the patterns of evidence observed during the change.
Cause-and-effect relationships are relationships between two or more variables or phenomena whereby one variable or event leads to a predictable response. Events have causes—sometimes simple, sometimes multi-faceted.
When atoms are rearranged to form new substances (cause), students will observe at least one of the five indications of a chemical change (effect).
Matter and energy are conserved, changing forms but maintaining quantities. Energy flows within a system or between systems through transfers and transformations. Matter is cycled within systems through physical and chemical processes.
When atoms are rearranged to form new substances, heat may be absorbed or released (flow of energy). The same atoms in the reactants are now in the products (cycling of matter).
Stability describes a system that does not change at the observed scale. In a stable system, a small disturbance will die out and the system will return to a stable state. Change in the system can come from modifying a factor or condition.
Substances are stable until environmental conditions change. A physical change does not affect the composition of the substance. A chemical change results in a more stable arrangement of the atoms present.
ELAR.7.5.E make connections to personal experiences, ideas in other texts, and society
ELAR.7.5.F make inferences and use evidence to support understanding
ELAR.7.5.H synthesize information to create new understanding