A student expectation is directly related to the knowledge and skills statement, is more specific about how students demonstrate their learning, and always begins with a verb. Student expectations are further broken down into their component parts, often referred to as “breakouts.”
Vertical alignment shows student expectations in the same subject area at different grade levels that are related to or build upon one another.
demonstrate and describe forces acting on an object in contact or at a distance, including magnetism, gravity, and pushes and pulls; and
Patterns are regular sequences that can be found throughout nature.
The investigation should reveal patterns in the data that explain the effect of force on an object. For example, students may notice a pattern in the height of the ramp and the distance the car rolls.
Cause-and-effect relationships are relationships between two or more variables or phenomena whereby one variable or event leads to a predictable response. Events have causes—sometimes simple, sometimes multi-faceted.
Scientists design some investigations to determine whether there is a cause-and-effect relationship between the independent and dependent variables. In the example of the car on a ramp, the height of the ramp is the independent variable (the cause) and the distance the car travels is the dependent variable (the effect).
It is important to consider how changes in scale, proportion, or quantity affect a system’s structure or performance. Scale refers to the size of an object in relation to another object or its environment. Proportion is the ratio of one quantity to another. Quantity is a count of a set of objects or a measurement of a substance.
Investigations include the amount and strength (quantities) of forces applied to an object and the speed and direction in which the object moves.
Matter and energy are conserved, changing forms but maintaining quantities. Energy flows within a system or between systems through transfers and transformations. Matter is cycled within systems through physical and chemical processes.
Change in the motion of an object is the observable evidence of energy being transferred to the object by forces.
Math.5.9.A represent categorical data with bar graphs or frequency tables and numerical data, including data sets of measurements in fractions or decimals, with dot plots or stem-and-leaf plots
ELAR.5.6.F make inferences and use evidence to support understanding
ELAR.5.6.H synthesize information to create new understanding
TA.5.3.A explain the importance of and demonstrate personal skills and behaviors, including persistence, effective communication, following directions, mental agility, metacognition, problem solving and questioning, that are needed to implement a design process successfully
TA.5.5.A identify and collect quantitative and qualitative data with digital tools
TA.5.6.A use digital tools to analyze and transform data and make inferences to answer questions
TA.5.7.A use digital tools to communicate and display data using appropriate visualization to inform an intended audience