ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARTS AND READING.3.2.C — Vertical Alignment
Vertical alignment shows student expectations in the same subject area at different grade levels that are related to or build upon one another.
ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARTS AND READING.3.2.C — Breakout of skills
Breakouts are the component parts that make up a student expectation. A breakout shows a distinct concept a student should know or a distinct skill that a student should be able to demonstrate.
ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARTS AND READING.3.2.C — Focal Points
Students develop and sustain basic skills related to the four domains of language. Students apply foundational knowledge to improve listening, speaking (oral language), reading (beginning reading, self-sustained reading, vocabulary, and fluency), and writing (beginning writing) skills.
listen actively, ask relevant questions to clarify information, and make pertinent comments;
follow, restate, and give oral instructions that involve a series of related sequences of action;
decoding multisyllabic words with multiple sound-spelling patterns such as eigh, ough, and en;
decoding multisyllabic words with closed syllables; open syllables; VCe syllables; vowel teams, including digraphs and diphthongs; r-controlled syllables; and final stable syllables;
decoding compound words, contractions, and abbreviations;
decoding words using knowledge of syllable division patterns such as VCCV, VCV, and VCCCV with accent shifts;
decoding words using knowledge of prefixes;
decoding words using knowledge of suffixes, including how they can change base words such as dropping e, changing y to i, and doubling final consonants; and
identifying and reading high-frequency words from a research-based list;
spelling multisyllabic words with closed syllables; open syllables; VCe syllables; vowel teams, including digraphs and diphthongs; r-controlled syllables; and final stable syllables;
spelling homophones;
spelling compound words, contractions, and abbreviations;
spelling multisyllabic words with multiple sound-spelling patterns;
spelling words using knowledge of syllable division patterns such as VCCV, VCV, and VCCCV;
spelling words using knowledge of prefixes; and
spelling words using knowledge of suffixes, including how they can change base words such as dropping e, changing y to i, and doubling final consonants;
alphabetize a series of words to the third letter; and
use print or digital resources to determine meaning, syllabication, and pronunciation;
identify the meaning of and use words with affixes such as im- (into), non-, dis-, in- (not, non), pre-, -ness, -y, and -ful; and
Developing and sustaining foundational language skills: listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking--fluency. The student reads grade-level text with fluency and comprehension. The student is expected to use appropriate fluency (rate, accuracy, and prosody) when reading grade-level text.
Developing and sustaining foundational language skills: listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking--self-sustained reading. The student reads grade-appropriate texts independently. The student is expected to self-select text and read independently for a sustained period of time.
monitor comprehension and make adjustments such as re-reading, using background knowledge, asking questions, and annotating when understanding breaks down.
respond using newly acquired vocabulary as appropriate; and
complete simple and compound sentences with subject-verb agreement;
past, present, and future verb tense;
singular, plural, common, and proper nouns;
adjectives, including their comparative and superlative forms;
adverbs that convey time and adverbs that convey manner;
prepositions and prepositional phrases;
pronouns, including subjective, objective, and possessive cases;
coordinating conjunctions to form compound subjects, predicates, and sentences;
capitalization of official titles of people, holidays, and geographical names and places;
punctuation marks, including apostrophes in contractions and possessives and commas in compound sentences and items in a series; and
correct spelling of words with grade-appropriate orthographic patterns and rules and high-frequency words; and