S.7.6.E | TEKS Guide

SCIENCE.7.6.E — Vertical Alignment

Vertical alignment shows student expectations in the same subject area at different grade levels that are related to or build upon one another.

Previous grade

S.4.6.B

investigate and compare a variety of mixtures, including solutions that are composed of liquids in liquids and solids in liquids; and

S.4.6.C

demonstrate that matter is conserved when mixtures such as soil and water or oil and water are formed.

S.5.6.B

demonstrate and explain that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their substances such as iron filings and sand or sand and water;

S.5.6.C

compare the properties of substances before and after they are combined into a solution and demonstrate that matter is conserved in solutions; and

S.6.6.B

investigate the physical properties of matter to distinguish between pure substances, homogeneous mixtures (solutions), and heterogeneous mixtures;

S.7.6.D

describe aqueous solutions in terms of solute and solvent, concentration, and dilution; and

S.7.6.E

investigate and model how temperature, surface area, and agitation affect the rate of dissolution of solid solutes in aqueous solutions.

S.8.6.A

explain by modeling how matter is classified as elements, compounds, homogeneous mixtures, or heterogeneous mixtures;

IPC.7.F

plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that the rate of reaction or dissolving is affected by multiple factors such as particle size, stirring, temperature, and concentration.

CHEM.11.A

describe the unique role of water in solutions in terms of polarity;

CHEM.11.B

distinguish among types of solutions, including electrolytes and nonelectrolytes and unsaturated, saturated, and supersaturated solutions;

CHEM.11.C

investigate how solid and gas solubilities are influenced by temperature using solubility curves and how rates of dissolution are influenced by temperature, agitation, and surface area;

CHEM.11.D

investigate the general rules regarding solubility and predict the solubility of the products of a double replacement reaction;

CHEM.11.F

calculate the dilutions of solutions using molarity.

AQUA.7.C

identify variables that affect the solubility of carbon dioxide and oxygen in water;

Next grade

Recurring themes and concepts — Connections to the content

Recurring themes and concepts provide a connective structure for scientific ideas across disciplines. The connection(s) below show some ways that teachers can help students understand how the content they are learning fits into the broader understanding of science. These connections do not represent all possible connections that might be made but highlight some that are appropriate for this grade level.

Patterns

Patterns are regular sequences that can be found throughout nature.

Patterns in the rate of dissolution can be observed with changes in temperature, surface area, and agitation. These patterns can be graphed (modeled).

Cause-and-effect relationships

Cause-and-effect relationships are relationships between two or more variables or phenomena whereby one variable or event leads to a predictable response. Events have causes—sometimes simple, sometimes multi-faceted.

A change in temperature, surface area, and agitation (cause) influences the rate of dissolution (effect) of a solid into an aqueous solution.

Scale, proportion, and quantity in systems

It is important to consider how changes in scale, proportion, or quantity affect a system’s structure or performance. Scale refers to the size of an object in relation to another object or its environment. Proportion is the ratio of one quantity to another. Quantity is a count of a set of objects or a measurement of a substance.

The measurement of temperature (quantity), surface area (quantity), and rate of agitation (proportion) are used to investigate the effect on the rate of dissolution.

Flow of energy and cycling of matter through systems

Matter and energy are conserved, changing forms but maintaining quantities. Energy flows within a system or between systems through transfers and transformations. Matter is cycled within systems through physical and chemical processes.

When thermal energy or agitation are added, energy flows into a solution, increasing the solution's kinetic energy and affecting the dissolution rate.

Cross-curricular Connections

The cross-curricular connections are designed to help educators make content connections between the science TEKS and math, English language arts and reading, social studies, and technology applications. The standards below illustrate alignment between grade level content areas which may help educators develop cross-curricular lessons. These connections do not represent all possible connections that might be made.

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Math

English Language Arts and Reading

Technology Applications

Science.7.6.E

SCIENCE.7.6.E — Vertical Alignment

Recurring themes and concepts — Connections to the content

Cross-curricular Connections