SCIENCE.7.6.B — Vertical Alignment
Vertical alignment shows student expectations in the same subject area at different grade levels that are related to or build upon one another.
illustrate how matter is made up of particles that are too small to be seen such as air in a balloon.
compare and contrast elements and compounds in terms of atoms and molecules, chemical symbols, and chemical formulas;
S.7.6.B
use the periodic table to identify the atoms and the number of each kind within a chemical formula;
model basic atomic structure and relate an element's atomic structure to its bonding, reactivity, and placement on the Periodic Table;
analyze and interpret elemental data, including atomic radius, atomic mass, electronegativity, ionization energy, and reactivity to identify periodic trends.
construct models using Dalton's Postulates, Thomson's discovery of electron properties, Rutherford's nuclear atom, Bohr's nuclear atom, and Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle to show the development of modern atomic theory over time;
describe the structure of atoms and ions, including the masses, electrical charges, and locations of protons and neutrons in the nucleus and electrons in the electron cloud;
calculate average atomic mass of an element using isotopic composition; and
construct an argument to support how periodic trends such as electronegativity can predict bonding between elements;
Recurring themes and concepts — Connections to the content
Recurring themes and concepts provide a connective structure for scientific ideas across disciplines. The connection(s) below show some ways that teachers can help students understand how the content they are learning fits into the broader understanding of science. These connections do not represent all possible connections that might be made but highlight some that are appropriate for this grade level.
Scale, proportion, and quantity in systems
It is important to consider how changes in scale, proportion, or quantity affect a system’s structure or performance. Scale refers to the size of an object in relation to another object or its environment. Proportion is the ratio of one quantity to another. Quantity is a count of a set of objects or a measurement of a substance.
Subscripts in a chemical formula determine the number (quantity) of each type of element in the substance. A chemical formula indicates a specific ratio (proportion) of elements. For example, H20 is a proportion of 2:1.