SCIENCE.7.12 — Vertical Alignment
Vertical alignment shows student expectations in the same subject area at different grade levels that are related to or build upon one another.
compare the properties of puddles, ponds, streams, rivers, lakes, and oceans, including color, clarity, size, shape, and whether it is freshwater or saltwater; and
describe and illustrate the continuous movement of water above and on the surface of Earth through the water cycle and explain the role of the Sun as a major source of energy in this process;
explain how the Sun and the ocean interact in the water cycle and affect weather;
analyze the beneficial and harmful influences of human activity on groundwater and surface water in a watershed; and
S.7.12
Organisms and environments. The student understands that ecosystems are dependent upon the cycling of matter and the flow of energy. The student is expected to:
identify sources of water in a watershed, including rainfall, groundwater, and surface water;
identify factors that contribute to how water flows through a watershed;
analyze water quantity and quality in a local watershed or aquifer; and
differentiate among freshwater, brackish, and marine ecosystems; and
relate how water sources, management, and conservation affect water uses and quality;
investigate and model how surface water and ground water change the lithosphere through chemical and physical weathering and how they serve as valuable natural resources;
evaluate how weather and human activity affect the location, quality, and supply of available freshwater resources.
describe how the composition and structure of the oceans leads to thermohaline circulation and its periodicity;
model and explain how changes to the composition, structure, and circulation of deep oceans affect thermohaline circulation using data on energy flow, ocean basin structure, and changes in polar ice caps and glaciers; and
analyze how global surface ocean circulation is the result of wind, tides, the Coriolis effect, water density differences, and the shape of the ocean basins.
identify sources of emissions in air, soil, and water, including point and nonpoint sources;