The student is expected to demonstrate that Earth rotates on its axis once approximately every 24 hours and explain how that causes the day/night cycle and the appearance of the Sun moving across the sky, resulting in changes in shadow positions and shapes.
A student expectation is directly related to the knowledge and skills statement, is more specific about how students demonstrate their learning, and always begins with a verb. Student expectations are further broken down into their component parts, often referred to as “breakouts.”
Vertical alignment shows student expectations in the same subject area at different grade levels that are related to or build upon one another.
identify, describe, and predict the patterns of day and night and their observable characteristics; and
demonstrate that Earth rotates on its axis once approximately every 24 hours and explain how that causes the day/night cycle and the appearance of the Sun moving across the sky, resulting in changes in shadow positions and shapes.
Breakouts are the component parts that make up a student expectation. A breakout shows a distinct concept a student should know or a distinct skill that a student should be able to demonstrate.
Patterns are regular sequences that can be found throughout nature.
Shadow positions and shapes change in recognizable patterns over the course of a day, allowing students to determine the general time of day and position of the Sun in the sky.
Cause-and-effect relationships are relationships between two or more variables or phenomena whereby one variable or event leads to a predictable response. Events have causes—sometimes simple, sometimes multi-faceted.
The rotation of the Earth causes the Sun to appear to move across the sky (effect), producing shadows of different lengths at different times of day (effect).
It is important to consider how changes in scale, proportion, or quantity affect a system’s structure or performance. Scale refers to the size of an object in relation to another object or its environment. Proportion is the ratio of one quantity to another. Quantity is a count of a set of objects or a measurement of a substance.
The shadow of an object is proportional to the height of the object and varies based on the time of day.
A system is a whole made of parts that work together. It has components and boundaries. It can interact with or be part of other systems.
The system is comprised of the Sun, Earth, and an object on Earth's surface. The arrangement of these parts in relation to each other creates shadows.
ELAR.5.6.F make inferences and use evidence to support understanding
TA.5.1.B identify patterns in real-world problems and make predictions based on the pattern