SCIENCE.8.6.E — Vertical Alignment
Vertical alignment shows student expectations in the same subject area at different grade levels that are related to or build upon one another.
Recurring themes and concepts — Connections to the content
Cause-and-effect relationships are relationships between two or more variables or phenomena whereby one variable or event leads to a predictable response. Events have causes—sometimes simple, sometimes multi-faceted.
When certain chemicals are mixed (cause), the atoms of each substance are rearranged, new substances are formed, and mass is conserved (effects).
Matter and energy are conserved, changing forms but maintaining quantities. Energy flows within a system or between systems through transfers and transformations. Matter is cycled within systems through physical and chemical processes.
A chemical reaction is a cycling of matter into different forms as the atoms are rearranged from the reactants to the products.
Stability describes a system that does not change at the observed scale. In a stable system, a small disturbance will die out and the system will return to a stable state. Change in the system can come from modifying a factor or condition.
Most chemicals used in a reaction are in a stable (nonreactive) state until mixed, when they undergo a chemical change, rearranging the atoms.
Cross-curricular Connections
Math.8.10.B differentiate between transformations that preserve congruence and those that do not
ELAR.8.5.F make inferences and use evidence to support understanding
ELAR.8.5.H synthesize information to create new understanding
ELAR.8.12.A generate student‐selected and teacher‐guided questions for formal and informal inquiry
ELAR.8.12.B develop and revise a plan