PHYS.7.B

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The student is expected to investigate and calculate mechanical, kinetic, and potential energy of a system;
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Knowledge and Skills Statement

Science concepts. The student knows that changes occur within a physical system and applies the laws of conservation of energy and momentum.

When mechanical energy is not conserved, it is often due to the transformation of mechanical to thermal energy through work being done by the force of friction.

the energy caused by the motion of objects or particles within a system

a phenomenon of energy that is due to the motion or position of an object

energy that is stored in an object due to its position relative to some zero position in a specified frame of reference; can be stored in an electromagnetic or gravitational field

regularly interacting or interdependent group of items forming a unified whole

Research

Armenta-Déu, Carlos, and Hernán Cortés. "Analysis of Kinetic Energy Recovery Systems in Electric Vehicles." Vehicles 5, no.2 (2023): 387-403. https://doi.org/10.3390/vehicles5020022

Summary:  The recovery of kinetic energy (KER) in electric vehicles was analyzed and characterized. Two main systems were studied: the use of regenerative brakes, and the conversion of potential energy. The study concluded that in driving situations with sudden and frequent changes of vehicle speed due to traffic conditions, such as in urban routes, the use of regenerative brakes was shown to be the best option for KER; however, in intercity routes, driving conditions favored the use of potential energy as a priority system for KER.