English Language Arts and Reading.8.9.D

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The student is expected to

describe how the author's use of figurative language such as extended metaphor achieves specific purposes;

author's purpose strand teks talk image

Knowledge and Skills Statement

Author's purpose and craft: listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking using multiple texts. The student uses critical inquiry to analyze the authors' choices and how they influence and communicate meaning within a variety of texts. The student analyzes and applies author's craft purposefully in order to develop his or her own products and performances.

Share several text examples of extended metaphors. With each example, have students analyze each metaphor and discuss how it achieves a specific purpose. Pose questions to students regarding author’s craft.
 

Further Explanation

This SE focuses on the author’s purposeful comparison of dissimilar objects through the use similes, metaphors, and other types of figurative language. Students should be able to explain how these comparisons are used to connect to a reader’s senses and prior experiences. Extended metaphors across genres should be included in instruction.

a comparison of two unlike things that an author develops in great detail throughout sentences, sections, or the entire work; used both in poetry and prose
Figurative language is language that is not intended to be taken literally but is layered with meaning using images, metaphors, and other literary devices. Authors purposely compare dissimilar objects through the use similes, metaphors, and other types of figurative language. Students should explain how these comparisons are used to connect to a reader’s senses and prior experiences. For example, in an extended metaphor, the author will carry out a comparison between two unrelated things over several sentences or more. Instead of a typical metaphor, where more than one characteristic or quality is shared between the two things being compared, a successful extended metaphor makes a comparison where there are several shared characteristics.

Resources

1. Gorman, R., & Eastman, G. S. (2010). I see what you mean: Using visuals to teach metaphoric thinking in reading and writing. The English Journal, 100(1), 92–99. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net

Summary: This article provides instructional strategies that analyzes images as a way to improve students' reading and writing skills.

2. Palmer, B. C., Shackel, V. S., Miller, S. C., & Leclere, J. T.  (2007). Bridging two worlds: Reading comprehension, figurative language instruction, and the English-language learner. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 50(4), 258–267. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net

Summary: English language learners may experience challenges while reading figurative language. The purpose of this article is to deconstruct how Els process figurative language and offers instructional strategies to support their learning.