an organizing structure that presents ideas or information in a logical and rational sequence and is often used in argumentative and informative writing

Students paraphrase when they retell a story in their own words or explain a complex idea using different language than the original text or speech. Accurate paraphrasing should include all the main ideas and supporting details of the original text. Students are expected to restate something they have read or heard while retaining the intended meaning of the original text by using different words than the original author. Students show their level of understanding and use of language when they correctly paraphrase the information they have read or heard. Paraphrasing can be either verbal or in writing.

Summarizing text is a specific skill that students use when they reduce information to its main ideas and fundamental points. Students may summarize a piece of text by identifying its components and relaying the order in which they appear in the text. For example, students required to summarize narrative poetry should identify the main idea of the story told in the poem and understand how each stanza relates to the rest of the poem.