A student expectation is directly related to the knowledge and skills statement, is more specific about how students demonstrate their learning, and always begins with a verb. Student expectations are further broken down into their component parts, often referred to as “breakouts.”
A knowledge and skills statement is a broad statement of what students must know and be able to do. It generally begins with a learning strand and ends with the phrase “The student is expected to:” Knowledge and skills statements always include related student expectations.
Demonstrated Proficiency of ELA.7.12.I
Provide students with a few examples of writing where source material has not been used ethically. Have them use the words ethics, unethical, cite, and citation to describe what the issue is, why it is wrong, and how it should be corrected.
Further Explanation
Students should be able to identify appropriate academic citations and ethical use of source material in the writing of others before being asked to demonstrate these skills in their own writing. Students should also practice these skills as they conduct their own research.
Glossary Support for ELA.7.12.I
formal reference to a research source acknowledging a person/author or work as a source of information
Students should know how to appropriately acknowledge academic citations in their research. This can look different depending on the type of citation the teacher chooses to require (e.g., American Psychological Association (APA), Modern Language Association (MLA), Chicago Manual of Style, or other).
Students should understand that, regardless of the source, they cannot share someone else’s ideas or information in research without citing that source. Using materials ethically means always giving appropriate credit to sources that students use.
Supporting Information for ELA.7.12.I
Research
1. Evering. L. C., & Moorman, G. (2012). Rethinking plagiarism in the digital age. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 56(1), 35–44. doi:10.1002/JAAL.00100
Summary: As the digital age continues to evolve, the concept of plagiarism becomes more complex. The purpose of this article is to propose difficult questions centered on plagiarism, including how plagiarism is defined and strategies to prevent plagiarism. This article is applicable for all grade levels.
2. Pearson, N. G. (2011). Classrooms that discourage plagiarism and welcome technology. English Journal, 100(6), 54–59. Retrieved from http://www.ncte.org/journals/ej/issues/v100-6
Summary: In this article, students are introduced to plagiarism. It explores reasons why students find plagiarism a primary approach to writing. Issues such as intellectual property and how to better prepare for academic writing that demonstrate students' knowledge and comprehension of the grade-level expectations are discussed.