BIO.6.C

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The student is expected to relate disruptions of the cell cycle to how they lead to the development of diseases such as cancer.
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Knowledge and Skills Statement

Science concepts--biological structures, functions, and processes. The student knows how an organism grows and the importance of cell differentiation.

Some examples of diseases caused by disruptions to the cell cycle include autoimmune disorders such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Cancers are caused by mutations to cellular DNA often due to exposure to substances known as carcinogens. Cancer is a set of diseases characterized by abnormal cells that have the ability to grow unregulated, creating a mass of cells called a tumor. These cells may spread throughout the body and can infiltrate and destroy normal body tissues. Any organ or tissue can become cancerous.

series of events (including Interphase, S-phase, M-phase, and Cytokinesis) that take place in a cell, resulting in the duplication of DNA (during S Phase), and division of cytoplasm and organelles to produce two identical daughter cells

a biological process wherein cells gain specialized roles and switch from one cell type to another to perform various specific tasks

an individual form of life; a body made up of organs, organelles, or other parts that work together to carry on the various processes of life

Research

Wang, Fang, Shuyan Song, Bingxuan Guo, Yangyang Li, Huijuan Wang, Shaowei Fu, Luyue Wang, Xiangyi Zhe, Hongtao Li, Dongmei Li, Renfu Shao, and Zemin Pan. "Increased TCP11 Gene Expression Can Inhibit the Proliferation, Migration and Promote Apoptosis of Cervical Cancer Cells." BMC Cancer 23, no. 1 (September 2023): 853. https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-023-11129-1

Summary:  Cervical cancer is a common gynecological malignancy. Gene microarray found that TCP11 gene was highly expressed in cervical cancer. The results showed that TCP11 overexpression blocked the cell cycle of HeLa and SiHa cells, decreased the expression of CDK1 and Cyclin B1, and increased apoptosis and the expression of caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-3 and cleaved-PARP. Conversely, TCP11 knockdown promoted the proliferation of HeLa and SiHa cells and the migration of HeLa cells.