Sections
Key Terms
Key Terms
- absolute zero
- lowest possible temperature; the temperature at which all molecular motion ceases
- Celsius scale
- temperature scale in which the freezing point of water is 0 and the boiling point of water is 100 at 1 atm of pressure
- condensation
- phase change from gas to liquid
- conduction
- heat transfer through stationary matter by physical contact
- convection
- heat transfer by the movement of fluid
- degree Celsius
- unit on the Celsius temperature scale
- degree Fahrenheit
- unit on the Fahrenheit temperature scale
- Fahrenheit scale
- temperature scale in which the freezing point of water is 32 and the boiling point of water is 212
- freezing
- phase change from liquid to solid
- heat
- transfer of thermal (or internal) energy due to a temperature difference
- heat capacity
- amount of heat necessary to change the temperature of a substance by 1.00
- Kelvin
- unit on the Kelvin temperature scale; note that it is never referred to in terms of “degrees” Kelvin
- Kelvin scale
- temperature scale in which 0 K is the lowest possible temperature, representing absolute zero
- latent heat
- heat related to the phase change of a substance rather than a change of temperature
- latent heat of fusion
- amount of heat needed to cause a phase change between solid and liquid
- latent heat of vaporization
- amount of heat needed to cause a phase change between liquid and gas
- melting
- phase change from solid to liquid
- phase change
- transition between solid, liquid, or gas states of a substance
- plasma
- ionized gas that is a combination of the negatively charged free electrons and positively charged ions
- radiation
- energy transferred by electromagnetic waves
- specific heat
- amount of heat necessary to change the temperature of 1.00 kg of a substance by 1.00
- sublimation
- phase change from solid to gas
- temperature
- quantity measured by a thermometer
- thermal energy
- average random kinetic energy of a molecule or an atom
- vaporization
- phase change from liquid to gas