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Knowledge and Skills Statement

Scientific and engineering practices. The student, for at least 40% of instructional time, asks questions, identifies problems, and plans and safely conducts classroom, laboratory, and field investigations to answer questions, explain phenomena, or design solutions using appropriate tools and models.

proposed explanation which is testable and made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation; a proposed explanation for a phenomenon

a prediction of what happens when a certain set of conditions are met; consistent and supported by copious evidence

detectable events that are observed through the senses or technology; can be explained through scientific laws, ideas, principles, and theories

well established and highly reliable explanations which are based on natural and physical phenomena and are capable of being tested by multiple independent researchers; may be subject to change as new areas of science and new technologies are developed; explains why phenomena occur

Research

Jain, Jasmine and Luaran, Johan. "Conceptualisation of Scientific Theory-Law Relationship among Pre-service Teachers with Different Academic Abilities in Science." Asian Journal of University Education 16, no. 3 (2020): 208-219. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1274314.pdf.

Summary:  This study focused on the understanding of the nature of science, specifically the relationship between scientific theories and laws, among first-year pre-service teachers. The findings suggest that the participants still conceptualize science knowledge as an objective epistemology, with no differences among participants of different academic science abilities.