make predictions and determine solutions using theoretical probability for simple and compound events;

sing or recite "The Star-Spangled Banner" and explain its history;

discuss specific ideas in the text that are important to the meaning.

find the probabilities of a simple event and its complement and describe the relationship between the two;

recite and explain the meaning of the Pledge of Allegiance to the United States Flag;

Multiple genres: listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking using multiple texts--literary elements. The student recognizes and analyzes literary elements within and across increasingly complex traditional, contemporary, classical, and diverse literary texts. The student is expected to:

use data from a random sample to make inferences about a population;

describe the origins and significance of national celebrations such as Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Constitution Day, Columbus Day, and Veterans Day; and

infer basic themes supported by text evidence;

explain the interactions of the characters and the changes they undergo;

solve problems using data represented in bar graphs, dot plots, and circle graphs, including part-to-whole and part-to-part comparisons and equivalents;

explain the significance of important landmarks, including the White House, the Statue of Liberty, and Mount Rushmore.

analyze plot elements, including the rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution; and

solve problems using qualitative and quantitative predictions and comparisons from simple experiments; and

Citizenship. The student understands the importance of individual participation in the democratic process at the local, state, and national levels. The student is expected to:

explain the duty individuals have to participate in civic affairs at the local, state, and national levels; and

explain the influence of the setting, including historical and cultural settings, on the plot.

determine experimental and theoretical probabilities related to simple and compound events using data and sample spaces.

explain how to contact elected and appointed leaders in local, state, and national governments.

Multiple genres: listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking using multiple texts--genres. The student recognizes and analyzes genre-specific characteristics, structures, and purposes within and across increasingly complex traditional, contemporary, classical, and diverse texts. The student is expected to:

Expressions, equations, and relationships. The student applies mathematical process standards to represent linear relationships using multiple representations. The student is expected to represent linear relationships using verbal descriptions, tables, graphs, and equations that simplify to the form \(y = mx + b\).

Expressions, equations, and relationships. The student applies mathematical process standards to develop geometric relationships with volume. The student is expected to:

Citizenship. The student understands the importance of effective leadership in a constitutional republic. The student is expected to:

demonstrate knowledge of distinguishing characteristics of well-known children's literature such as folktales, fables, legends, myths, and tall tales;

model the relationship between the volume of a rectangular prism and a rectangular pyramid having both congruent bases and heights and connect that relationship to the formulas;

explain the contributions of the Founding Fathers to the development of the national government;

explain figurative language such as simile, metaphor, and personification that the poet uses to create images;

explain verbally and symbolically the relationship between the volume of a triangular prism and a triangular pyramid having both congruent bases and heights and connect that relationship to the formulas; and

identify past and present leaders in the national government, including the president and various members of Congress, and their political parties; and

explain structure in drama such as character tags, acts, scenes, and stage directions;

use models to determine the approximate formulas for the circumference and area of a circle and connect the models to the actual formulas.

identify and compare leadership qualities of national leaders, past and present.

recognize characteristics and structures of informational text, including:

the central idea with supporting evidence;

Expressions, equations, and relationships. The student applies mathematical process standards to solve geometric problems. The student is expected to:

Citizenship. The student understands the fundamental rights of American citizens guaranteed in the Bill of Rights and other amendments to the U.S. Constitution. The student is expected to:

features such as pronunciation guides and diagrams to support understanding; and

solve problems involving the volume of rectangular prisms, triangular prisms, rectangular pyramids, and triangular pyramids;

describe the fundamental rights guaranteed by each amendment in the Bill of Rights, including freedom of religion, speech, and press; the right to assemble and petition the government; the right to keep and bear arms; the right to trial by jury; and the right to an attorney; and

describe various amendments to the U.S. Constitution such as those that extended voting rights of U.S. citizens.

organizational patterns such as compare and contrast;

History. The student understands how constitutional government, as developed in America and expressed in the Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation, and the U.S. Constitution, has been influenced by ideas, people, and historical documents. The student is expected to:

determine the circumference and area of circles;

Culture. The student understands the relationship between the arts and the times during which they were created. The student is expected to:

recognize characteristics and structures of argumentative text by:

explain major political ideas in history, including the laws of nature and nature's God, unalienable rights, divine right of kings, social contract theory, and the rights of resistance to illegitimate government;

determine the area of composite figures containing combinations of rectangles, squares, parallelograms, trapezoids, triangles, semicircles, and quarter circles; and

solve problems involving the lateral and total surface area of a rectangular prism, rectangular pyramid, triangular prism, and triangular pyramid by determining the area of the shape's net.

identify significant examples of art, music, and literature from various periods in U.S. history such as the painting American Progress, "Yankee Doodle," and "Paul Revere's Ride"; and

identifying the claim;