sing or recite "Texas, Our Texas";

Social studies skills. The student uses geographic skills and tools to collect, analyze, and interpret data. The student is expected to:

infer the theme of a work, distinguishing theme from topic;

recite and explain the meaning of the Pledge to the Texas Flag; and

describe the origins and significance of state celebrations such as Texas Independence Day and Juneteenth.

create and interpret thematic maps, graphs, and charts to demonstrate the relationship between geography and the historical development of a region or nation; and

explain the relationships among the major and minor characters;

analyze plot elements, including the sequence of events, the conflict, and the resolution; and

Citizenship. The student understands the importance of active individual participation in the democratic process. The student is expected to:

analyze and compare geographic distributions and patterns in world history shown on maps, graphs, charts, and models.

explain the influence of the setting on the plot.

identify important individuals who have participated voluntarily in civic affairs at state and local levels such as Adina de Zavala and Clara Driscoll;

Social studies skills. The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to:

Multiple genres: listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking using multiple texts--genres. The student recognizes and analyzes genre-specific characteristics, structures, and purposes within and across increasingly complex traditional, contemporary, classical, and diverse texts. The student is expected to:

explain how individuals can participate voluntarily in civic affairs at state and local levels through activities such as holding public officials to their word, writing letters, and participating in historic preservation and service projects;

use social studies terminology correctly;

demonstrate knowledge of distinguishing characteristics of well-known children's literature such as folktales, fables, fairy tales, legends, and myths;

explain the duty of the individual in state and local elections such as being informed and voting;

use effective written communication skills, including proper citations and avoiding plagiarism; and

interpret and create written, oral, and visual presentations of social studies information.

explain rhyme scheme, sound devices, and structural elements such as stanzas in a variety of poems;

identify the importance of historical figures and important individuals who modeled active participation in the democratic process such as Sam Houston, Barbara Jordan, Lorenzo de Zavala, Ann Richards, Sam Rayburn, Henry B. González, James A. Baker III, Wallace Jefferson, and other local individuals; and

Social studies skills. The student uses problem-solving and decision-making skills, working independently and with others. The student is expected to use problem-solving and decision- making processes to identify a problem, gather information, list and consider options, consider advantages and disadvantages, choose and implement a solution, and evaluate the effectiveness of the solution.

discuss elements of drama such as characters, dialogue, setting, and acts;

explain how to contact elected and appointed leaders in state and local governments.

recognize characteristics and structures of informational text, including:

Citizenship. The student understands the importance of effective leadership in a constitutional republic. The student is expected to:

Mathematical process standards. The student uses mathematical processes to acquire and demonstrate mathematical understanding. The student is expected to:

identify leaders in state, local, and national governments, including the governor, local members of the Texas Legislature, the local mayor, U.S. senators, local U.S. representatives, and Texans who have been president of the United States; and

apply mathematics to problems arising in everyday life, society, and the workplace;

the central idea with supporting evidence;

features such as sections, tables, graphs, timelines, bullets, numbers, and bold and italicized font to support understanding; and

identify leadership qualities of state and local leaders, past and present.

use a problem-solving model that incorporates analyzing given information, formulating a plan or strategy, determining a solution, justifying the solution, and evaluating the problem-solving process and the reasonableness of the solution;

organizational patterns such as cause and effect and problem and solution;

Culture. The student understands the contributions of people of various racial, ethnic, and religious groups to Texas. The student is expected to:

select tools, including real objects, manipulatives, paper and pencil, and technology as appropriate, and techniques, including mental math, estimation, and number sense as appropriate, to solve problems;

recognize characteristics and structures of argumentative text by:

identify the similarities and differences among various racial, ethnic, and religious groups in Texas;

communicate mathematical ideas, reasoning, and their implications using multiple representations, including symbols, diagrams, graphs, and language as appropriate;

identifying the claim;

identify customs, celebrations, and traditions of various cultural, regional, and local groups in Texas such as Cinco de Mayo, Oktoberfest, the Strawberry Festival, and Fiesta San Antonio; and

create and use representations to organize, record, and communicate mathematical ideas;

distinguishing facts from opinion; and

summarize the contributions of people of various racial, ethnic, and religious groups in the development of Texas such as Lydia Mendoza, Chelo Silva, and Julius Lorenzo Cobb Bledsoe.

analyze mathematical relationships to connect and communicate mathematical ideas; and

identifying the intended audience or reader; and

Science, technology, and society. The student understands the impact of science and technology on life in Texas. The student is expected to:

display, explain, and justify mathematical ideas and arguments using precise mathematical language in written or oral communication.

recognize characteristics of multimodal and digital texts.