In the composition strand, students produce written works for specific audiences. The writing process
sub-strand focuses on the stages of developing a written work.
Students engage in the writing process—a cycle that guides students to write texts for a variety of purposes and audiences.
Students follow the stages of the writing process that include prewriting, drafting,
revising, editing, and publishing.
Students understand that the process is recursive, meaning that as they move through each stage and refine their work,
they may revisit a prior step to improve their written work. In prewriting, the first stage of the writing process,
students generate ideas and plan for a piece of writing.
Students might develop ideas by discussing with others, drawing,
brainstorming, journaling, or other activities. Students begin developing focused, structured, and
coherent written pieces during the drafting stage.
Students generate rough drafts and determine how best to organize and present ideas
for their intended audience or purpose. In this stage,
students develop engaging ideas and reflect a depth of thought by using relevant facts,
details, and examples. In the revising stage,
the focus is on improving the coherence and clarity of the composition. Students revise by adding,
deleting, or
rearranging their earlier drafts. As they become more proficient writers, students focus on revising drafts to improve the organization
and style of their work. In the editing stage,
students correct errors and improve their drafts and edit using standard English
conventions. This includes using sentences of increasing complexity and correct use of
parts of speech such as adverbs and pronouns.
Students also edit using correct capitalization, punctuation,
and spelling.
Finally, students complete the writing process by publishing their work.
Students written work in the publishing stage reflects a refined,
completed draft ready to be shared and enjoyed by the intended audience.
Explore the TEKS Guide for more information on the writing process sub-strand.